Cold Weld

Roof Problems - A cold weld is an area in a heat-welded seam that failed to fuse completely during installation.
A cold weld at a seam on a TPO roof, identified with a probe and marked with chalk.

How Cold Welds Occur

Cold welds occur in heat-welded membrane roofs such as TPO and PVC. During installation, adjacent sheets are heated and pressed together to form a continuous waterproof surface. A cold weld occurs when part of that seam does not fully fuse.

Cold welds are one of the most common sources of leaks on low-slope roofs. Because they may not be visible from the surface, cold welds are often identified with a probe tool during roof inspections.

Cold welds typically result from installation conditions, not wear and tear. Because weather conditions and temperature change throughout the day, installers must regularly adjust weld settings and test welds throughout the day to prevent cold welds.

Further Reading

Common Failure Points for Low-Slope Roofs: Improper Installation
Cold welds are a common example of how installation quality affects a membrane roof. Taking the time during installation to adjust welding equipment and ensure proper welds prevents future leaks.

TPO vs. EPDM
Heat-welded seams are unique to TPO and PVC. EPDM requires a different approach with seam tape and adhesives.

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